New! Extended Bibliography

Essays for the Addis Tribune

A History of Early Twentieth Century Ethiopia
1. The Beginnings of Ethiopia's Modernisation
2. The Eucalyptus Tree, and Ethiopia's First Modern Schools and Hospitals.
3. Menilek's Failing Health, Anglo-Franco-Italian Attempts to Partition Ethiopia, the Appointment of the First Ethiopian Cabinet, and the Succession of Lej Iyasu.
4. The Fall of Lej Iyasu.
5. The Rise of Tafari Makonnen.
6. The Emperor's Coronation, and Pre-War Reforms
7. The Italo-Ethiopian Scenario, 1935
8. Mussolini and Ethiopia
9. League of Nations Sanctions
10. Anglo-French Diplomacy, and the Initial Italo-Ethiopian Campaign of 1935-6
11. May Chaw and Badoglio's Occupation of Addis Ababa
12. The Occupation Years
13. The Patriot Resistance, 1939-1941
14. The Liberation Campaign, 1941 Mussolini's Entry into the European War
15. 1941: The Italian Departure, and the Arrival of the British
16. Post World War II Relations with the British
17. Ethio-American Post-War Relations
18. Emperor Haile Sellassie's Post-War Foreign Policy
19. Developments of the 1950s and 1960s
20. Prelude to Revolution

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Ethiopia's Historic Quest for Medicine
1. Medical Activities in Early Times
2. The Medical Activities of James Bruce, and his 19th Century Successors
3. The Medical Activities in the Early 19th Century Successors
4. Ethiopia a Century and a Half Ago
5. Emperors Tewodros and Yohannes
6. Menilek
7. Medical Developments at the Time of Menilek

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History of Ethiopian Religious Art and Manuscripts
1. Christian Art: Icons, Wall Paintings and Manuscripts
2. Ethiopian Manuscripts: Bindings and Illustration
3. Artistic Developments of the Past, and the Crisis of the Manuscript Today
4. A Serious Question of Ethiopian Studies: Five Thousand Ethiopian Manuscripts Abroad, and the International Community

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The Truth about Old-Time Ethiopian Dynastic Marriages
1. Imperial Dynastic Marriages and the Beta Esra'el, or Falashas
2. Ethiopia's Half-Falasha Emperor Ya'qob
3. The Half-Falasha Emperor Ya'qob Overthrown, and His Brothers Rebel

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Glimpes of Ethiopian Medieval History
1. Prelude to Lalibala: The Zagwe Dynasty
2. King Lalibala and his Monolithic Churches
3. The Lalibala Churches

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A Page in Ethiopia's Late 19^th Century History
1. The Reign of Emperor Yohannes IV Part One
2. The Reign of Emperor Yohannes IV Part Two

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An Essay in Nineteenth Century Ethiopian History
1. Emperor Tewodros II
2. Tewodros, Maker of Cannons and Mortars
3. Tewodros Receives No Reply from The British Government
4. Tewodros, and the Battle of Maqdala, 1868

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Innovation and Opposition to Change in Ethiopian History
1. Ancient and Medieval Life
2. Ideas of Innovation in Medieval Times
3. Innovation, or Lack of It, in Medieval and Gondarine Times
4. Developments in the Early Nineteenth Century
5. Some Conservative Attitudes of the Past Question of Tobacco and Coffee
6. Emperor Tewodros as Innovator: Cannon and Roads
7. Tewodros, as Innovator: Cannon, Roads, Boats - and Foreign Craftsmen
8. From Tewodros to Yohannes
9. Emperor Yohannes, Conservative, but also Innovative
10. From Yohannes to Menilek
11. Menilek, and the Founding of Addis Ababa
12. Menilek, the Building of Bridges, Roads, and the Railway
13. "Why Can't We Have an Amharic Typewriter?"- Menelik
14. Monetary, Banking, and Educational Developments of Menilek's Day
15. Medical, Political, and Dietary Innovations of Menilek's Day
16. Drinking, Drunkenness, Smoking, and Dress in Menilek's Day
17. The Coming of Photography, the Cinema, Foreign Education - and Menilek's First Cabinet
18. Afawarq Gabra Iyasus, Gabra Heywat Baykadaygn - and the Accession of Lej Iyasu
19. Modernisation in the 1920s
20. The Coming of the Radio, and Developments in the Field of Currency, Education, and Public Health
21. The Year 1930
22. Expanding Trade, Changing Ways of Life - and Conclusions

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History of the Ethiopian Patriots (1936-1940)
1. The Beginnings of the Patriotic Resistance
2. Fighting around Addis Ababa, during the Rains of 1936
3. Resistance and Repression
4. Fierce Fighting
5. The Graziani Massacre and Consequences
6. Graziani's Reign of Terror, and Patriot Resistance
7. The Duce and the Patriots, in 1937
8. Mussolini's Concern at Increasing Patriot Power
9. The Dismissal of Graziani
10. The Spirit of the Patriots in 1938, and the Advent of the Duke of Aosta
11. Approaching the European War

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History of Education, Printing, and Literacy in Ethiopia
1. Old Time Ethiopian Church Education
2. Poetical and Other Studies
3. Education and Literacy in Old-Time Ethiopia: Christian, Muslim, and Falasha
4. Ge'ez Literature, Church Libraries, and the Coming, from Europe, of the Printed Word
5. Missionary Printing - and Early Study Abroad
6. Missionary Education - and Literacy - in the Nineteenth Century
7. A New Book on Missionaries in Ethiopia
8. Education Abroad - and At Home - in Menilek's Day
9. Educational Advances in Menilek's Day
10. The Coming to Ethiopia of the Printing Press First Ethiopian Newspapers
11. The Tafari Makonnen School
12. The Educational Philosophy of Tafari Makonnen
13. Printing Developments in the 1920s - and Increased Study Abroad
14. Ethiopian Students Abroad, in the 1920s
15. Educational Developments of the 1930s
16. Missionary and Other Educational Developments of the 1930s
17. Bibles and Literacy in the 1930s
18. The Italian Occupation Period
19. Graveyards, and What To Do With Them
20. Curiosity of Ethiopian Studies: Preoccupation with a "Second Coming", and its Ethiopian Consequences

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Early Ethiopian Banking History
1. The Bank of Abyssinia, and its Bank Notes
2. The Bank of Abyssinia's Bank Notes, continued

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The Story of Ethiopian Looted Crowns
1. The Crown of Emperor Tewodros II
2. The Dilemma of the Two Looted Crowns
3. Mussolini, and the Ethiopian Crowns of Tewodros, Yohannes, Menilek, and Haile Sellassie

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Ethiopia, Egypt, and the Nile: An Historical Fantasy
1. King Lalibala and the River Nile in Early Medieval Times
2. Emperor 'Amda Seyon, His Successors, and the Nile
3. The Portuguese, Ludolf, and Le Grand: The Nile Myth is Shattered

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The History of Epidemics in Ethiopia
1. Unidentified Epidemics in Medieval Times
2. Epidemics from the Reign of Emperor Zar'a Ya'qob, to the Rise of Gondar
3. Smallpox History
4. Cholera: A Killer Disease, from the 17th Century to the Time of Tewodros
5. Cholera: The Decline of the Killer Disease
6. Typhus: The Army's Disease
7. The Quarter of Millennium Old Story of Influenza in Ethiopia

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The Early History of Photography in Ethiopia
1. The Advent of the Camera in Ethiopia
2. The British Maqdala Expedition and its Photographed
3. The Advent of the Camera in Ethiopia
4. Photography in Ethiopia in the Late Nineteenth Century
5. French and British Photographers in Ethiopia in the Late Nineteenth Century
6. Photographic Advances in the Early Twentieth Century Ethiopia: French, British and Italians
7. Photography Comes of Age: Activity in Early Twentieth Century Ethiopia
8. The 1868 Battle of Maqdala Remembered-in British Roads and Pubs

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Foreign Scholarship in Ethiopia
1. The Case of Italy
2. Foreign Scholarship on Ethiopia

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Ethiopia Across the Red Sea and Indian Ocean
1. Ethiopian-Indian Relations in Ancient and Early Medieval Times
2. Ethio-Indian Trade, and Slaves, in Medieval Times
3. Ethio-Indian Trade, and Slaves, in Medieval Times

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A Brief History of Trade and Business in Ethiopia from Ancient to Modern Times
1. A Brief History of Trade and Business in Ethiopia from Ancient to Modern Times
2. A Brief History of Trade and Business in Ethiopia from Ancient to Modern Times

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Other
1. Antoine d'Abbadie: a Great 19th Century French Traveller and Scholar
2. Traditional Ethiopian Medicine and Surgery
3. Ethiopian Crosses, and Their History: Processional, Hand and Neck Crosses
4. History of Northern Ethiopia - and the Establishment of the Italian Colony or Eritrea
5. Background to Ethiopia's Liberation A Letter which was Destroyed, but Not Lost
6. Ethiopian History Revisited: Dogali: A Monument and an Anniversary

Concerning The Looting of Maqdala

1. Tewodros, and the Battle of Maqdala, 1868
2. Who Lost the Battle of Maqdala?
3. Maqdala Loot in "The Times" Newspaper
4. The Crowns of Emperor Tewodros: Loot from Maqdala
5. Maqdala and its Loot: a Brief History
6. The Association for the Return of The Maqdala Ethiopian Treasures, AFROMET, Launched at Sheraton Addis
7. Dr and Mrs Pankhurst Write to London "Independent" Newspaper on Maqdala Treasures
8. The British Maqdala Expedition and its Photographed

The Ethiopian Aeroplan "Tsehai"

1. The Ethiopian Aeroplane "Tsehai": A Matter of Unreturned Loot, in Italy
2. Tsehai: Aeroplane or Princess?

Concerning The Asksum Obelisk

• The Unfinished History of the Aksum Obelisk Return Struggle. 1 (Addis Tribune)
• The Unfinished History of the Aksum Obelisk Return Struggle. 2 (Addis Tribune)
• The Unfinished History of the Aksum Obelisk Return Struggle. 3 (Addis Tribune)
• The Unfinished History of the Aksum Obelisk Return Struggle. 4 (Addis Tribune)
• The Unfinished History of the Aksum Obelisk Return Struggle. 5 (Addis Tribune)
• Aksum Obelisk Mystery: British Attempt to Obstruct the Course of Justice? (Addis Tribune)
• Italy Promises to Return Obelisk Within the Year (Addis Tribune)
• The Question of the Looted Aksum Obelisk (Addis Tribune)
• The Question of the Looted (and Still Not Returned) Aksum Obelisk (Addis Tribune)
• yeaksum Hewltna yeTaliyan mengst qnnet maTat kefl 1 (Beza)
• yeaksum Hewltna yeTaliyan mengst qnnet maTat kefl 2 (Beza)
• An Appeal to the People of Italy
• The Re-Erection of the Great Aksum Obelisk Considered
• Dr. Vincenzo Francaviglia, and the Re-Erection of the Great Aksum Obelisk
• Aksum Obelisk Being Dismantled
• Axum Diary (The Guardian)
• A Historic Photograph
• Aksum Obelisk Update
• The Aksum Obelisk and the "Tempo" Newspaper

Preserving Ethiopian History

1. A Stolen Ethiopian Icon: The Story of the Kwer'ata Re`esu Hits the Headlines,
2. Africa's Stolen Cultural Property
3. The Preservation of Ethiopian Culture
4. Ethiopia's Culture in Grave Crisis: The Old City of Danqaz: an Urgent Question for the Authorities
5. Ethiopia's Crumbling Historical Heritage
6. How to Destory Your History: The Temple of Yeha, and its Killer Trees
7. How to Conceal Your History: The Hidden Inscriptions of Aksum
8. How to Lose Your History: The Microfilming of Ethiopian Manuscripts: A Nostalgic View
9. How to Lose Your History: Lives of Ethiopian Saints
10. How to Lose Your History: The Mysterious Case of the Ethiopian Archives
11. How to Preserve Your Culture: Professor Richard Pankhurst's Observation of Workshop
12. How to Write, or Lose, One's History: In Praise of Historical Memoirs, and Autobiographies
13. How to Remember Your History: Ethiopia's Missing Statues
14. Professor Richard Pankhurst's Observations of Workshop on Conservation and Management of Cultural Heritage
15. About Ethiopian National Archives
16. Ethiopian National Archives: "Folly" and "Disaster" Justified
17. American Ambassador Encourages Preservation of Ethiopia's Cultural Heritage

Book Reviews

1. Another New History of Ethiopia Published
2. A Japanese Photographic Masterpiece on Ethiopia
3. Now At Long Last They are Heard! An Important New Book by Dr. Fekade Azeze
4. Book Review "One Hip Too Far: I Opened My Heart to Ethiopia"

About or Mentioning Dr Pankhurst

1. The Tragic Fire at Dabra Damo Monastic Library
2. Dr. Richard Pankhurst - Historian
3. Professor Haggai Erlich presented a public lecture on the Ethiopian-Eritrean Conflict
4. Maitre Artist Afewerk Tekle
5. Ethiopia and New World Blacks: Part I
6. Ethiopia and New World Blacks: Part II
7. Visit to The Cannon of Tewodros
8. On Deportations
9. American Ambassador Encourages Preservation of Ethiopia's Cultural Heritage
10. Letter to the Editor
11. A Tale of Four Churches
12. Debre Tabor Part I
13. Debre Tabor Part II
14. Ethiopia and War Crimes

On Sylvia Pankhurst

1. A Glimpse at My Mother's Archives, 1
2. A Glimpse at My Mother's Archives, 2
3. Sylvia Pankhurst, Friend of Ethiopia, Statue Proposed
4. Letter to the Editor
5. Extracts from My Mother's Archives
6. Extracts from My Mother's Archives
7. Dr Melaku Bayen, the Ethiopian World Federation, the Anglo-Italian Agreement of 1938
8. Further Extracts from My Mother's Archives

On Art and Artist

1. Ato Sebhatu Gebre Yesus - Gardening to Create the "Country Of Flowers"
2. Saint Matthew, and Two Eighteenth Century Italian Artists, and Their Ethiopian Vision
3. Over 300 Historical and Cultural Arts Illegally Smuggled out side Ethiopia
4. Ethiopian History, and Art

Other

• Professor Chojnacki, Martula Mariam, and Gorgora
• The Effect of the British Elections on Ethiopia
• The Secret Massacre of Engecha: Hundreds of Bodies Denied Proper Burial for Sixty-One Years
• A Matter of Trees: A Problem for Addis Ababa Municipality
• Another Matter of Trees: How to De-beautify Addis Ababa
• Romania, a Long - Time Supporter for Ethiopia
• Lucy, Australopithecus Afarensis
• An Important Ethiopian Exhibition in Amsterdam
• "Always Something New Out of Africa"
• Ethiopia's Image Abroad: Menelik Road, London, Gondar Gardens, and All That