The School For Information Studies In Africa

Sisa is a regional school of information studies, which was, at the initiative and with the support of UNESCO and IDRC, established in September 1990 by Addis Ababa University (AAU), with a view to producing qualified information manpower in the region.

Realizing the fact that the acute shortage of skilled information personnel is the main stumbling block in the development of modern information systems and services in the developing world, various donor agencies have been sponsoring candidates from the Third World countries for higher studies and research in the West over the years. However, such efforts in a way failed to meet the stated objective, because the training programmes that these candidates pursued in the West had little link with the prevailing situation and problems in the Third World countries, and, moreover, there was a trend among these candidates to stay away from their home countries in quest of better opportunities.

In an attempt to find alternative ways of developing manpower in Information Science and Technology, UNESCO and IDRC came up with the idea of establishing regional programs, with the idea of establishing regional programs, which would help the region develop indigenous manpower trained to meet the specific needs of the region. SISA is such a regional training program in Information Science and Technology.

Information Science (M.Sc.IS) degree. The curriculum, which was drawn by a team of experts from around the globe, reflects the interdisciplinary nature of Information Science and covers the range of knowledge in depth. It has been designed such that the graduates are able to apply what they have learnt to developing and managing information systems and to developing and managing information systems and services in different areas of development in Africa. As a result, the theses produced by the students have been well appreciated by internationally distinguished scholars in the field, who were invited here at the School as external examiners. So far, 29 students from eight eastern and southern African countries have graduated from SISA.

In addition to the recurrent operations budget provided to it by the University, SISA has received and continues to receive substantial funding from IDRC, mainly for the acquisitions of equipment and teaching materials, the employment of expatriate teaching staff and for the development of its own local staff. It now occupies a two-story building, located in a spacious and green compound on the main campus of the University, all by itself.

There were only five faculty members-one expatriate staff and four local staff members-to begin with. SISA was fortunate have had Prof. A. Neelameghan, a renowned information professional, on its faculty since the start of the M.Sc.I.S. program. The presence of Prof. Neelameghan, who left the School at the end of the 1993/94 academic year, has helped SISA to build its high academic standard and also formulate its future development program. There have been significant additions to the staff over the past four years. Presently, the faculty consists of two expatriate and eight local staff members, including one graduate assistant. The support staff has also increased from none in 1990 to seven, including three secretarial staff. Few additional positions, viz. an administrator, two secretaries, one bibliographic laboratory assistant, one computer laboratory supervisor, and one office machines operator, have already been approved by the University and will be filled up shortly.

SISA has a long-term staff development plan, as part of which three would-be faculty members underwent higher education programs abroad in 1985-one obtained a PHD and the others, the Master of Information Science degree. One of the assistant lecturers is presently in the second year of SISA's in the second year of SISA's academic program, while the other has joined this year. Two new lecturers have been appointed this year, with the understanding that they would be sent abroad to undertake PHD studies within a year.

SISA started its program with a well-designed computer laboratory, consisting of an adequate number of microcomputers, networked as well-designed computer laboratory, consisting of an adequate number of microcomputers networked as well as stand-alones, and a wide range of peripherals and software packages to support the teaching and research programs. Constant efforts have been made to acquire additional state-of-the-art computer hardware and peripherals as well as new or latest version of the existing software packages. The School is also well equipped with such instructional technology as overhead projectors, computer display panels, and white boards. A Bibliographic laboratory, with a collection of such materials as commercial and other databases on CD-ROM, simulation retrieval software packages, and textbooks, has recently been opened for use by the students and faculty of the School. SISA has also, so far, been providing, free of charge, services in configuration, installation and setting up of microcomputer systems to other units/individuals of the University. Presently, its other services are limited to photocopying, fax, etc., but is planning to start a desktop publishing service in the near future.

There is an International Advisory Committee on SISA (IACS), constituted by experts drawn from various countries and fields, which among other things, is designated to explore the ways and means of making SISA continually relevant and contribute effectively to all facets of African development. IACS was twice scheduled to hold its first meeting in the last two years, but, regrettably, did not take place for various reasons. It is now tentatively scheduled for May 1995.

It is a matter of pride for AAU to have been selected for hosting the Secretariat of the Consortium of African Schools of Information Science (CASIS). SISA is among the four founding members of CASIS, whose main objective is to facilitate and coordinate the efforts of the different schools of information studies/sciences in the continent, leading to the promotion and advancement of information science and its use for development. The process of setting up CASIS and its secretariat is well under way and it is expected to start functioning soon.

SISA is committed to its goal-developing adequately trained manpower in the field of Information studies and providing support in making optimum use of Information Science and Technology in the socio-economic development of the sub-region as well as the continent at large.


SISA Graduates

Then SISA students have received their M.Sc.I.S. degree this year. So far, SISA has produced 29 graduates from eight eastern and southern African countries: fourteen from Ethiopia; three each from Tanzania and Zambia; two each from kenya, Malawi, sudan and Uganda; and one from Swaziland. Following is a tabular representation of the number of graduates over the period 1992-94.
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Country        1992      1993      1994      Total
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Ethiopia        6         4         4         14
Kenya           1         1         -         2
Malawi          -         2         -         2
Sudan           1         -         1         2
Swaziland       1         -         -         1
Tanzania        1         -         2         3
Uganda          1         -         1         2
Zambia          1         -         2         3
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Total           12        7        10         29                 
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SISA has been maintaining its regional status by selecting candidates from different eastern and southern African countries for admission to its southern Africa countries for admission to its course. The two current batches of students, first and second year (1993/94 and 1994/95), are represented by eighteen Ethiopians, five Tanzanians, three Sudanese, two Kenyans, two Zambians, one Ugandan and one Zimbabwean.


SISA Computer Laboratory

SISA has its own computer laboratory, located in the first floor of SISA building, configured, designed and set up by SISA building, configured, designed and set up by SIS's own staff, primarily to support its teaching and research programmes. Ever since, all maintenance and repair work of the laboratory hardware, software and the network, have been done in-house by the faculty.

The laboratory started with twenty-three networked and two stand-alone microcomputers, two dot-matrix printers, one laser printer, one scanner, and one plotter, and a number of software packages for word processing (such as WordStar Professional, WordPerfect, and Micrsoft Word), desktop publishing (such as Xerox Ventura and Aldus PageMaker), computer graphics (such as Harvard Graphics, Freelance Plus, Paintshow, and SAS/Graph), statistical operations (such as SAS and SPSS-PC), spreadsheet (such as Lotus 1-2-3), database management and text retrieval operations (such as dBASE, R-bases, Framework III and MicroIsis), project management systems (such as Super project Expert and Harvard Total Project Manager II), and various programming languages (such as Microsoft Basic, Microsoft FORTRAN, Microsoft macro Assembler, Microsoft quck C with Quick Assembler, Turbo Pascal, Turbo prolog and MULISP) and utilities (such as Norton Utilities, PV Tools, LAN assist Plus, etc.). The laboratory is managed by one SISA Faculty member assisted by three other staff members. The laboratory is managed by one SISA Faculty member assisted by three other staff members. the LAN is accessible from each of the two laboratories, classrooms, system manager's office, Dean's office, and the office of each faculty member.

There have been a number of additions in terms of computer hardware, software and peripherals over the past four years. Recently, SISA has acquired three microcomputers one IBM PS/2 Model 80 (386), one Compaq Deskpro/33i (486DX) and one IBM PS/Value Point (486DX2). Two new printers- one laserjet 4 and one HP DeskJet 500C (color printer) have also been acquired recently. A number of newly acquired software packages viz., Lotus 1-2-3-, OS2, Modem Assist, Windows, word for windows, Page Maker, Micrographic Designer, Excel, and Amharic version of word for windows, will greatly assist in the teaching and research programmes of SISA.


SISA Gets More space

SISA started with a small place for its laboratory, classroom and office in one part of the first floor of a building. In the following academic year, it occupied the complete floor of the same building and was better off to provide more classroom and laboratory spaces as well as space for office and staff members. However, with the increasing number of members. However, with the increasing number of students and staff, soon the space seemed to be inadequate and some of the other units of the university which were occupying the ground floor of the building had to vacate the area. As of about the middle of the current year, SISA has occupied the whole building Activities are currently in progress to extend the LAN to the ground floor.


Bibliographic Laboratory Opened

Considering its utmost necessity to support teaching and research programs, SISA has formed a bibliographic laboratory in the ground floor of its building. The laboratory has a collection of CD-ROM databases, simulation packages, textbooks, photocopies of some relevant journal articles, software manuals, computer magazines, such as, BYTE,PC WORLD, pc computing, ETC., a collection of reports on developmental activities in the region and a collection of documents on environmental issues. Creation of databases of the resources in the laboratory is in progress with the cooperation of SISA staff members. Some of the bibliographic resources of the laboratory are donations from prof. A. Neelameghan.

Lakshmi Neelameghan Research Fund

March 1981:
At the suggestion of IDRC, the Association of Commonwealth universities at the meeting of commonwealth Heads of Universities held in Hong Kong in March 1981, explored the possibilities of opening a regional program in Information Science in Africa. A number of African Universities indicated their interest in such a venture.
August 1982:
In a planning meeting held in London in August 1982, a joint UNESCO-IDRC exploratory mission was formed and its plan of action was formulated.
February 1983:
The mission visited eight universities in six African countries, including AAU, to assess the capacity of universities in hosting a regional education program in Information Science.
March 1983:
The mission suggested to UNESCO and IDRC that there should be two such programs one for West Africa, to be located at the University of Ibadan in Nigeria, and the other, for eastern and southern Africa to be located at AAU in Ethiopia.
April 1983:
The president of AAU, in a letter to UNESCO and IDRC, reaffirmed the interest of AAU in hosting the said program and expressed interest in setting up the Interim Planning Committee.
February 1984:
The Director of the Information Science Division of IDRC and the Chief of the Section of Training Information Specialists at UNESCO had a meeting with the officials of AAU to discuss matters relating to the establishment of the Section Interim Planning Committee, manpower development of the program, the tentative date of launching the program, and so on. AAU set up a task force under the Chairmanship of the Dean of Graduate Studies and members drawn from the various University units/departments Engineering, Mathematics, Computer Center, Library and the External Relations Office.
August 1984:
The Dean of Graduate Studies, the Director-Designate of the Project and two other members of the task Force went on a study tour of the Latin American regional program of postgraduate studies in Information science in Venezuela and the Schools of Library and Information Science of various universities in the US.
October 1984:
The Director-Designate of the Project took part in the meeting of the Curriculum Design Experts Group for ARCIS at the University of Ibadan.
February 1985:
The Director-Designate of the project and two other members of the Task Force went on a study tour of the various Library and Information Science Schools in Britain and of the regional Postgraduate program in Information Science at the University of the Philippines in Manila.
September 1985:
The first batch of would-be SISA faculty went abroad as part of the manpower development plan.
May 1986:
The Task Force completed the project proposal, which covered the curriculum, admission criteria, and the name of the academic unit to be responsible for the program, viz. SISA.
January 1987:
A two-man AAU mission visited 35 government and other organizations in five countries in eastern and southern Africa with and objective of getting response from them about the program.
October 1987:
A five-day meeting of 21 experts and observers drawn from nine countries in the region took place at AAU to discuss various aspects of the program, including its curriculum and management.
March 1988:
The AAU Senate approved the Master of Science in Information Science (M.SC.I.S) program to be offered by SISA.
June 1988:
The IDRC Board of Governors approved the project and appropriated the required funds to support the program.
May 1989:
The Government of Ethiopia approved the SISA project, and SISA was officially established. September 1989-July 1990:
A five-man technical team, under the SISA Director-Designate, designed, imported, configured and installed the computer laboratory.
September 1990:
The M.Sc.I.S. program was launched.
July 1992:
The first batch of students in the M.Sc.I.S. program graduated.

Rao and A. Neelameghan. Libra. 42(3); 1992; PP 242-257.

Home-grown object-oriented specialized databases/ by A. Neelameghan. (In: NIT 92: Fifth International Conference on new Information Technology for Library and Information Professionals, Education Media specialists and Technologists. Hong Kong; 30 November 02 December 1992 edited by Ching-Chih Chen. Micro Use Information; 1992) PP 259-284.

Information for small enterprises by A Neelameghan. Bangalore; Sarda Ranganathan Endowment for Library Science; 1992.

Information support for socio-economic development planning: general overview by A. Neelameghan. (In: Information for development. Seminar papers and proceedings. Department of Library and Information for development. Seminar papers and proceedings. Department of Library and Information Studies, University of Papua New Guinea. 1-3 July 1992 compiled by John Evans. University of Papua New Guinea; 1992). PP.5-35.

Libraries and information services in the Third World countries by A. Neelameghan. (In: Libraries and the future: essays on the library in the twenty-first century edited/ by A Neelameghan. (In: Development information:policies and strategies. proceedings of the regional seminar. Kuala Lumpur, Proceedings of the regional seminar. Kuala Lumpur, 26-27 July 1990/edited by A. Neelameghan and Agnes How. Kuala Lumpur; ADIPA; 1991), pp 190-199.

Online database searching and retrieval: strategies, procedures, commands and problems. A brief guide in 3 parts/ compiled by a. Neelameghan. SISA, Addis Ababa University; 1992. (Unpublished report). Public service administrative information systems: general overview/ by A. Neelameghan. (In: Information for development. Seminar papers and proceedings. Department of Library and Information Studies, University of papua New Guinea; 1992).pp 36-54.

Ranganathan: an outstanding philosopher of science/ by G. Bhattacharyya. Library Science. 29(2); 1992; pp. 59-64.

Ranganathan's generalized model of subject structure and models of formation of subject /by A. Neelameghan. (In: Cognitive paradigms in Knowledge organization. Second International ASCII Conference, Madras, 26-28 August, 1992/ edited by A.

Neelameghan and others. Bangalore; Sarda Ranganathan Endowment for Library Science; 1992).pp.269-285.

System interface/search assistance for micro CDS/ISIS by Molal Hunegnaw and A. Neelameghan. (In: NIT '93: Sixth International Conference on new Information Technology for Library and Information Professionals, Education Media specialists and Technologists, Hong Kong 11-13 November 1993 edited by Ching-Chih Chen. Micro Use Information ; 1993), pp. 153-166.

Technology acquisition, technology transfer and information/by A. Neelameghan. (In: Information for development. Seminar papers and proceedings. Department of Library and Information Studies, University of paua new Guinea. 1-3 July 1992 compiled by John Evans. University of Papua New Guinea; 1992). pp.55-90.

Text: retrieval and library management software in India/by G.G Chowdhury and Sudatta Chowdhury. Program. 28(3); 1994; pp. 253-261.